Iran is a country located in western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq to the west, Turkey and Armenia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south. Iran has a population of approximately 83 million people, and its capital and largest city is Tehran. Iran is an Islamic republic, and it is one of the largest and most populous countries in the region. The economy of Iran is primarily based on oil and gas, and the country is a leading global producer of petroleum. Iran is known for its rich history and culture, which has been influenced by a range of ancient and modern traditions.