- Dodoma is the official capital city of Tanzania. It is located in the central part of the country and has a population of around 410,956 people according to the 2012 census. Dodoma became the capital of Tanzania in 1973, replacing Dar es Salaam. The city serves as the political hub of Tanzania and is home to the country's parliament and government offices. Despite being the capital, Dodoma is relatively small compared to other major cities in Tanzania. It is known for its hot and dry climate and its strategic location in the heart of the country.